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https://www.chessable.com/?page=landingpage They use spaced repetition. One of the best methods! Tool for this is the movetrainer: https://www.chessable.com/movetrainer/
Check it out! The best place to learn any chess content!
I kinda agree with odoaker2015 init of repetition. I remember spending hours trying to memorize the Max Lange attack, but what I suggest more so is practical experience. Just play the openings alot.
Hopefully if you're remembering this stuff, you'll know the reason why for the moves. Otherwise there's not terribly much point.
You need to understand them, not memorize them.
Of course you have to understand the opening(s)! This is most important!
Just like the alphabet and simple math, you just have to memorize. Understanding is helpful, but it's been proven that it's not necessary.
Is there really some great difference between "understand" and "memorize"? Do you understand the way home from work, or do you memorize it? Do you understand how to drive a car, or to kick a football, or do you memorize it? One way or another, certain knowledge gets imprinted into your brain. Sure, the reason that you play 3 ... a6 in the Ruy Lopez needs to be "understood," but only in the sense that you "memorize" what happens otherwise.
It's a false dichotomy. You just have to learn it. That's all. And you can call it understanding or memorizing, but it's all about the same.
@Toscani So they say. I doubt it.
I have pretty good memory, but I don't think it is possible to memorize anything without understanding it. I can recite Hamlet's "to be or not to be" speech, or the Gettysburg Address, but I could not do it without understanding it. The ancient Greeks considered 'memory' to be a separate field of knowledge, but it seems to me to be only another tool of knowledge.
How does one memorize something? By understanding it. Otherwise it is mere rote and repetition, which will not hold up.
How can one 'memorize' 4 ... Nf6 in the Ruy Lopez without knowing why you are putting the knight on f6? Memory depends on knowing the reason for the next step. That's how you memorize.
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