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Candidates Tournament 2018 : Analyses

For the rest day, here is the analysis of an important game :

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* Mamedyarov-Ding Liren from round 12 *
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chapter 11 of the following study : lichess.org/study/qJOLmzLp

Svidler has analyzed Karjakin-Caruana in a video, so I'm not going to repeat or modify comments by a super-GM who is willing to put some serious efforts into a freely available analysis. I'm not a stakeholder in the company behind Svidler's videos, but compared with Svidler's, the other reports about the games contain much less original analysis (with the possible exceptions of Shipov's videos in Russian ; Grischuk said he watches them). The other decisive game from round 12 has comparably dramatic consequences anyway.

The Mamedyarov-Ding Liren game itself starts with a theoretical battle, following So-Kramnik from round 5 up to move 21 (except a repetition that was skipped). The players assess the position in different ways, each thinking that his side is better placed for the battle. Mamedyarov correctly discards the possibility of a sacrifice Nxe6 at some point and the players don't mention the point where the same move could lead to a endgame that is better for White. After that White starts drifting, Black's queenside pawn should win and White stakes everything on a last combination that nearly succeeds.
Assessing an endgame from a distance is a vital skill for the middlegame. In this particular game, it played a crucial role in a few lines that remained "off-stage", one of which could have completely altered the course of the game. From the viewpoint of an analyst, this is a delicate issue when you work with a computer. A "+1" assessment in the endgame is sometimes a draw, while a "+0.6" assessment in the middlegame is sometimes a win.

Ding Liren is now the only undefeated player in the tournament. Solidity is a quality he will rely on in the last two rounds. It also means that the tie-breaking rules are unfavorable to him, except in an unlikely two-way tie with Mamedyarov.

Up to now, only one pair of games have been won by the same player : Kramnik has beaten Aronian twice. It can happen to potentially four more pairs, if Karjakin beats So, if Caruana beats Aronian, if Mamedyarov beats Kramnik or if So beats Aronian.

Another curiosity is that the four lowest Elo of the tournament occupy the first four places in the temporary ranking after round 12. One could argue that Caruana's Elo is artificially low given his terrible tournament at Wijk-aan-Zee, but it is a surprise to see Karjakin, Ding Liren and Grischuk leading the tournament all together.

After a defeat in round 12, Mamedyarov and Caruana might perform either very well or very poorly. Mamedyarov faces a direct competitor in round 13, namely Grischuk, who has been happily recovering from his defeat in round 1 and from two other mishaps. Indeed Grischuk missed a win against Ding Liren in round 4 and reached a lost position (against Ding Liren too) in round 11 before drawing the game. All in all, he gives a very solid impression.

In Round 14, Karjakin-Ding Liren and Grischuk-Caruana will attract a lot of attention, even in the unlikely scenario where Karjakin looses to So and Caruana to Aronian in round 13. In the more plausible scenario of four draws in round 13, we have a kind of "winner-takes-all" event in round 14.
From the pure viewpoint of chess, it is sad to turn a 14-rounds super-tournament into a one-round crisis with a decisive role for tie-break rules. But for us spectators, there can't be too much suspense !
Before the final round, I 've added one more game to the study.

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* Mamedyarov-Grischuk from round 13 *
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chapter 12 of the study : lichess.org/study/qJOLmzLp

The game is very interesting for four reasons.
(1) Mamedyarov bounces back after a defeat, a quality that proves to be necessary in this tournament.
(2) Grischuk looses because he assumes that drawing destroys all his chances, which is false. He plays for opportunities that don't exist, while a draw would have given him some (admittedly small) chances (winning with White against Caruana would qualify Grischuk if Ding Liren beats Karjakin and Mamedyarov looses against Kramnik, for example)
(3) There was a way of making the game more tense, and this was actually good for Black (Grischuk). The commentators don't mention this move as it was not mentionned by the players during the press conference.
(4) We see once again the beneficial influence of GM Dreev on Mamedyarov's openings, even if in this case Grischuk had prepared a novelty. A quiet game was everything Mamedyarov needed to send Grischuk on a self-destructing path.

The tie-break rules are such that only the game Aronian-So cannot influence the final outcome. Such a big indeterminacy is sad (a somewhat arbitrary tie-break is going to influence the course of the games in round 14) and thrilling at the same time.
Grischuk looked very tired after round 12, even after the final rest day, so Caruana's chances are probably very good.
The tournament is over, but a lot about it remains to be understood.

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* Grischuk-Caruana from round 14. *
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chapter 13 of the study : lichess.org/study/qJOLmzLp

The influence of Caruana's second, R. Kasimdzhanov, is felt during the opening. Grischuk anticipated this influence, but Caruana is still the first one to innovate and succeeds in equalizing. Grischuk is tempted into an exchange combination that results in an endgame favorable for Black. Caruana plays it quietly and Grischuk allows Black's plan to come to fruition. It seems to me that Grischuk is very tired compared with other players.

The technical phase of the game is not obvious at all. Several plans could lead Black to the win, but none of them was easy to spot. Earlier in the game, a resource for White on the 43rd move could result in various theoretical draws (R+B vs R or h-pawn+wrong bishop). Nevertheless, Black's precision is impressive in such a long game and given the tournament circumstances.

Caruana's last two games are conform to his own statement : his defeat against Karjakin relieved him from the burdensome impression that he had to grind every half-point to defend his first place. He is the only player to win five games during the tournament. He won both games against Aronian, just like Kramnik did (these are the only mini-matches won 2-0). It is beyond reasonable doubt that the best player in the tournament has won it.

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