Linux for beigginers

What is Linux

The Linux kernel is the core component of the Linux operating system. It is a free and open-source software that manages the hardware resources of a computer system and provides an interface for software applications to interact with the hardware.

The kernel is responsible for managing system resources such as memory, processors, input/output devices, and network connections. It provides low-level services such as scheduling processes, managing interrupts, and controlling hardware devices.

The Linux kernel is developed by a community of developers around the world, with Linus Torvalds being the original creator. It is released under the GNU General Public License, which means that it is free to use, modify, and distribute.

One of the strengths of the Linux kernel is its flexibility and modularity. It can be configured to support a wide range of hardware platforms and device drivers, making it a popular choice for embedded systems, servers, and desktop computers.

Linux kernel based operating systems

Ubuntu: A popular Linux distribution that is widely used on desktops, laptops, and servers.

Debian: A Linux distribution that is known for its stability and is used on servers and desktops.

Fedora: A Linux distribution that is popular among developers and is often used for testing new software.

CentOS: A Linux distribution that is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and is commonly used on servers.

Arch Linux: A minimalist Linux distribution that is popular among advanced users and is often used on desktops and laptops.

Android: A mobile operating system

Most important Linux commands
You could use Linux from its graphical user interface, but what makes Linux strong is its terminal
The Linux terminal, also known as the command line interface (CLI), is a text-based interface used to interact with the Linux operating system. It allows users to execute various commands by typing them in, rather than using a graphical user interface (GUI). The terminal provides a powerful and flexible way to manage files and applications, configure system settings, and perform many other tasks. It is a highly customizable and efficient tool that is often preferred by advanced users and system administrators.
Here are some of the most important Linux commands:

ls: List the files and directories in the current directory.
cd: Change directory to another directory.
mkdir: Create a new directory.
rm: Remove a file or directory.
cp: Copy a file or directory.
mv: Move or rename a file or directory.
pwd: Print the current working directory.
cat: Display the contents of a file.
grep: Search for a string of text in a file.
tar: Create or extract a compressed archive.
chmod: Change the permissions of a file or directory.
sudo: Run a command with superuser privileges.
top: Display system processes and resource usage.
df: Display information about file system disk usage.
du: Display the size of a file or directory.
ssh: Connect to a remote machine over a secure network.
ping: Test connectivity to a network host.
ifconfig: Display information about network interfaces.
netstat: Display information about active network connections.
history: Display a list of recently executed commands.