Until recently, several chess strategies, were dogmas among the world's chess elite. They were described in books and taught to young athletes. This has caused the so-called "Pygmalion effect", which can limit growth. This is what has caused subsequent generations to be stuck at the same limited level and expectations as their predecessors.
Not surprisingly, the validity of these strategies was called into question when the computers beat several top players. Analyzing the strategies of the computer game, the players were shocked and delighted that the computer used some "ugly" moves.
