[Event "Mar del Plata"] [Site "Mar del Plata ARG"] [Date "1959.04.05"] [Round "12"] [White "Robert James Fischer"] [Black "Hector Decio Rossetto"] [Result "1-0"] [Variant "Standard"] [ECO "B41"] [Opening "Sicilian Defense: Kan Variation, Maróczy Bind, Réti Variation"] [Annotator "https://lichess.org/@/Wotifr"] [Source "https://lichess.org/study/pXVdC1C2/rhRm0lmv"] [Orientation "white"] { "The unpleasant obligation" - a model game on the concept of Zugzwang. } 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 a6 5. c4 Qc7 6. Nc3 Nf6 7. Bd3 { "Misplacing the bishop" } (7. a3!? Nc6 8. Be3 Ne5 9. Be2! Nxc4?? 10. Bxc4 Qxc4 11. Rc1 $18 { [%cal Gc1c8,Gc3d5] }) 7... Nc6 8. Be3 Nxd4?! (8... Ne5! 9. f3 (9. Rc1? Nfg4 $15) 9... b6 { Black has a slightly improved Maroczy. }) 9. Bxd4 Bc5 10. Bc2 { Again misplacing the bishop. Fischer didn't learn until later that the bishop is almost always well placed eyeing the queenside, not the kingside in these setups. } 10... d6 11. O-O Bd7 12. Na4 Bxd4 13. Qxd4 Rd8 14. Rfd1 O-O 15. Rac1 (15. Qxd6 Qxd6 16. Rxd6 Bxa4 17. Rxd8 Rxd8 18. Bxa4 Nxe4 $10) 15... Qa5 (15... Bxa4 16. Bxa4 Qa5 17. Bb3 Rd7 $10) 16. Qb6 Qxb6 (16... Qe5 17. Rxd6 Rc8! (17... Ng4 { "unsound" } 18. g3 Qh5 19. h4 $18) 18. Bb3 Bxa4 19. Bxa4 Nxe4 $10) 17. Nxb6 Bc6 18. f3 Nd7 19. Nd5 Bxd5 (19... Ne5 20. Ne7+ (20. Ne3 g5 $10) 20... Kh8 21. Nxc6 bxc6 22. Ba4 g5! $15 { Maintaining the knight on e5 is essential. Black has a good knight vs reasonable bishop, so should maintain a slight lead. } { [%cal Gh8g7,Gg7f6,Gf6e7] }) (19... exd5 20. exd5 $14 { [%csl Gc6] }) 20. exd5 e5 21. b4 { "playing for the big breakthrough on c5" } 21... g6 22. Ba4 b6 23. Rd3 f5?! { "Oblivious to the danger!" } (23... a5! 24. a3 (24. Bxd7 Rxd7 25. bxa5 bxa5 26. c5 dxc5 27. Rxc5 a4 $10) 24... f5 $10) 24. Ra3! { [%cal Ga4d7,Ga3a6] } 24... Nb8 (24... a5 25. bxa5 bxa5 26. Bc6 Nc5 27. Rxa5 { "white should win" but here Stockfish suggests the maneuver Rf7->queenside in order to provide 7th rank defense as well as push through with a possible e4 pawn break getting their own passed pawn. }) 25. c5! bxc5 (25... b5? 26. Bb3 Rf7 27. c6 Rc7 28. Ra5 Kf7 29. a4 bxa4 30. Rxa4 Ke7 31. Bc4 { "picks off the a pawn" }) 26. bxc5 dxc5 27. Rxc5 Kg7 28. Rb3 Rf7 29. d6! Nd7 (29... Rxd6?? 30. Rxb8) 30. Rc7 Nf8 31. Rbb7 { Just compare the activity of the white pieces against their black counterparts... } 31... Rxc7 32. dxc7 Rc8 33. Bb3! { Black can now only make pawn moves. Any king move allows Rb8, winning a piece. Any rook move allows c8=Q+. Any knight move allows Be6 winning a rook. } 33... a5 34. a4 h6 35. h3 g5 36. g4 fxg4 37. hxg4 $18 { 1-0 Black resigns. } { "Zugzwang! Black has run out of satisfactory pawn moves" } 1-0