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What to do with passed pawns?

Hello. Here's the game I played

30+30 time control, I'm Black. I managed to get a passed pawn, but it wasn't supported by other pawns. So I blundered it away. And it often happens to me. If I have a pawn deep into enemy's territory, that's supposed to be good, but it's easy for my opponent to put pressure on it, so I just lose a pawn in the end. Do I have to calculate whether pawn will be eaten or not before I push it or something?

Any human feedback on the game appreciated!
I know I'm lower rated than you, and I'm analyzing without the help of an engine, but I would like to offer a few thoughts.
22... Bg4 seems like an improvement. The knight is pinned, and we can meet 23. h3 with 23... Qh5.
Also, the move 25... Rd2! jumps out at me. The discovered check is an extremely useful idea here. You missed a win here, I think.
At 22th move I wanted to get my queen into action and for that I needed to move the bishop. I considered Bd5 and Bg4, but after 22. ... Bg4 h3 I didn't see Qh5, probably because I wanted to move my queen in completely different direction. Though even now I don't particularly like this idea, because after 22. ... Bg4 23.h3 Qh5 24.Kh2 my queen and bishop are basically stuck there without influencing much of the field. It still may be ok, but I was too focused on my plan.

Rd2 screamed in my face too, but I didn't quite figure out continuation. 25. ... Rd2 26.Rd2 ed+ 27.Kf1 and after that I need to move my queen somewhere, there're no checks. If Qe2 Ke2, then White king is too close to the pawn. Now engine told me 27. ... Qd4 wins, but I couldn't see it.
By the way, good "positional" play (that's what you asked for probably) is always founded on "simple" tactics, meaning tactical details like Rd2. Jussupow and Dvoretzky call it "einfache" Taktik, don't know how it is in English or original Russian.

Getting a passed pawn won't win you the game you have to remove the blockader of the pawn in this instance the queen on e2 or apply more pressure on the position in this instance doubling rooks on the d file. For example on move 23. instead of Bxg2+ play Qe6! with the idea of Bishop c4 to remove the blockader on e2, 24. b3 a4!. And if white trades 24. Bxd5 Rxd5 25. Rxd5 Qxd5+ and 26. Rd8 you will have control over the d-file allowing you to penetrate on d2.
Why not play simply c5 at move 20 for black. I think it is stronger than the move played in the game. Black is better IMO.

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