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What is Scandavinian defense?

Why is it called Scandivanian?
It is an attack instead a defense, I think.
A gambit atack.
Generally if an opening is named after a part of the world it is because one or more strong players from that region of the world popularized it. For example, the Polish Opening gets its name from Savielly Tartakower, a strong Polish player and the Indian Defense (1. d4 Nf6) gets its name from Moheschunder Bannerjee, a strong Indian player. I don't know which player(s) popularized the Scandinavian but it according to Wikipedia its theory was developed in the 19th and 20th century by Scandinavian masters.

As for Attack vs. Defense, the convention is that if an opening is played by Black, we call it a "Defense", and if it is played by White we call it an "Attack". For example, the King's Indian Attack and King's Indian Defense both make use of the same moves but one is played by White while the other is played by Black.

Also the lines of the Scandinavian where Black does not immediately capture the pawn on d5 are known as gambits. (1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Nf6 is the Portuguese Gambit (aka Modern Variation) and 1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Nf6 3. c4 e6 is the Icelandic Gambit while 1. e4 d5 2. exd5 c6 is the Blackburne-Kloosterboer Gambit)
The Scandinavian Defense is one of the oldest recorded openings, first recorded as being played between Francesc de Castellví and Narcís Vinyoles in Valencia in 1475 .It got the name "Scandinavian" later.

Black counters whites' center,moving a piece multiple times in the opening thereby lacking in developement.Black counters the center but goes behind in development, nonetheless, if played properly Black can equalize.Although it is not a good opening for beginners as it breaks the opening principles.

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